Design Patterns Overview Reusable solutions to common software design problems. Understanding patterns helps you communicate design ideas effectively and avoid reinventing the wheel. --- Creational Patterns Factory Method Purpose : Create objects without specifying exact class Builder Purpose : Construct complex objects step by step Singleton Purpose : Ensure single instance (use sparingly) --- Structural Patterns Adapter Purpose : Make incompatible interfaces work together Decorator Purpose : Add behavior without modifying original Facade Purpose : Simplify complex subsystem Proxy Purpose :…