Quantitative Valuation Purpose Provides frameworks and formulas for estimating the intrinsic value of a stock or company using quantitative models. Covers discounted cash flow (DCF), dividend discount models (DDM), comparable multiples, residual income, and sum-of-the-parts valuation. Enables rigorous, assumption-driven valuation that can be stress-tested through sensitivity analysis. Layer 3 — Valuation Direction prospective When to Use - Valuing a stock or company from first principles - Building a discounted cash flow (DCF) model - Comparing a company's multiples to peers or its own histor…